Gas or oil engine.



L. WOODWORTH.

GAS QB OIL ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 10, 1909.

Patented May 2, 1911.

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fitIIIlIII/IIII lnventor :7

wii'neses L. WOODWORTH.

GAS 0B OIL ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 1

Patented May 2, 1911.

a sums-sum 2.

LT m n I/A II 'IIIIIIILIIIIIIIIIII/ Inventor:

Witnesses 4% Wnzmzz LYMAN WOODWORTH, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

GAS OR OIL ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 2, 1911.

Application filed November 10, 1909. Serial No. 5213197.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LYMAN Woonwonrrr, a citizen of the United States, residing at San Francisco, in the county of San Francisco and State of California, have invented or discovered certain new and useful 'Improvements in Gas or Oil Engines, of

' which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to internal-combustion heat motor engines, more commonly called gas, petroleum, or alcohol engines, in which any suitable fuel, such as hydrocarbon or carbonaceous material hydrated or not,'in gaseous, liquid, or finely divided state, is ignited by any suitable means such as compression, electricity, or a hot body,

and burned with air, preferably compressed,

the heated air and products of combustion constituting or serving as the working-fluid of the engine.

The object of my invention is to increase the efficiency and improve the fuel economy of internal combustion engines.

My invention consists in certain improvements in the combustidmchambers, cylinders, cylinder-heads, and pistons of internalcombustion engines and in certain combina tions of .parts with suitable speculum metallit." surfaces upon the interior thereof, confining-the hot working fluid of the engine, as Wlll be more fully hereinafter described in connection with the accompanying draw f ings.

Figure 1, shows a side elevation, partly in section, of a gas or oil engine containing or ei-nbod'ying my improvements. Fig. 2, shows an end elevation, artly in section, of the engine shown in; Fig.- 1. Fig. 3 shows a cross-section AA of the engine cylinderof Fig. 1'.- Fig.4, shows. 'a longitudinal sec.-

tion of the combustion-chamber, cylinder,

and piston of a gas engine containing my improvements, together with means for water cooling the heat exposedparts. Fig. 5 shows an end elevation, partly'in section, of the part shown in Fig. 4. .Fig. 6 shows a lon itudinal section of the cylinder, cylinder- 1eads, and piston of a double-acting gas engine with my improvements. Referring to Figs. 1, 2, and 3, the waterjacketed cylinder 1 provided with thecylinder head 1, admission valve 5, exhaust ing or running in the cylin er 1, is conand'conn'ectlons, as the articulated nected by rod 10 to the crank-shaft 11 mounted in suitable bearings 12, in the ,frame 4. Upon the crank-shaft 11 is mounted the fiy-wheel 15. The cam-shaft 18 is operated by the gear-wheels 16 and 17 so as to make one revolution to every two revolutions of the crank-shaft 11, and provided -with suitable cams and connections for operating the admission valve 5, the igniter 7, and the exhaust valve 6, as is well understood in engines of the class described. The compression or combustion, space end of the cylinder 1 is fitted or combined with the speculum metallic lining 20 made in length equal to the piston stroke more or less, and in inside diameter suflicient-ly greater than the outside diameter of the piston 3, to be out of frictional contact therewith. The piston 3 is combined with interior speculum metallic plate 21, preferably secured by center bolt 28 and nut 29.

In some forms of my invention, the engine piston 3 is made so that it does not ex- 'working-fluid of the engine or motor is confined more or less completely by the interior speculum metallicsurfa'ces 20-and 21 respectively.

Sufficient of an internal-combustion engine is shown in Figs. 4 and 5 to illustrate the connection of my inventiontherewith.

In this construction, the water-j acketed com bustion-chamber 2- containmg admission valve 5, exhaust valve 6, and igniter 7, and suitably attached to the cylinder 1, is com- -bined, with the speculum metallic lining 20, made in length equal to the piston'stroke more or less, and in bore'sufiicient to clear the piston 3. The interiors eculum metalthe combustion-chamber 2, preferably by recessed and "combined with the speculum metallic plate 21 so asto form chamber or passage 35 for circulation of ooolin fluid or water, and] provided with suitab e iping 60, 62, 64 and 66 for leading water t ereto and connections 61,63, 65, and 67 for con- 'lic surfaces 20 are fixed to t e head end of ducting water therefrom, as is readily seen. The terminal supply and exhaust connections 66 and 67 respectively are preferably mounted upon the engine frame 4. ObVlously, telescoping piping might be used instead of the articulated piping for the purposes above described. Further, the chamber or passage 35 might be formed by recessing the plate 21 instead of the piston 3.

In Fig. 6, is shown-by way of example,

- one form of construction of the cylinder 1,

cylinder-heads 1, and piston 3 of a doubleacting gas, engine with my improvements, and disconnected for the sake of simplicity, from other arts of the machine. The water-jacketed cylinder 1 with operative inlet valves 5, igniters 7,and outlet valves 6, hasits ends fitted with the water-jacketed heads 1 combined with the interior speculum metallic plates 20 suitably attached thereto, as by interlocking screw threaded portions 24. The water cooled piston 3 mounted on the hollow piston-rod 3, is com-- bined on its working faces with the speculum metallic plates or sheets 21 secured in place by suitable means, such as engaging screw threads 25. v The several heat exposed parts have appropriate connections for supply of cooling fluid or Water, not shown, as is well known and requires no detailed de scription. The said interior surfaces 20, 21, and 21, 20 respectively serve to confine the hot working-fluid of the engine.

have found alloys high in nickel containin i aluminum, iron, or copper or materials 0 equivalent chemical nature, with or withoutthe presence of carbon or silicon, to be suitable more .or less in my invention. I prefer to employ in my invention'an alloy of nickel with aluminum containing ten e131 cefit. of aluminum, more or less; but I c not limit myself to this composition. k

By means of the constructions and bomg binations in internal-combustion engines of speculum metallic surfaces as .herein d6? scribed, new functions are performed and the object of my invention attained. The function of the said interior speculum me and described.

- Yitnesses:

tallic surfaces is to favor adiabatic-expansion of the hot working gas 'in the motor.

chamber at the end of the cylinder, the said chamber having non-corrodible speculum metallic interior surface confinin the hot working fluid of the engine, an suitable means for cooling the said interior surfaces by circulation of cooling-fluid, substantially as described.

2. In an internal-combustion engine, the combination with the combustion-chamber of suitable speculum metallic sheets, plates, or linings in contact with the'interior walls thereof, substantially as shown and described.

3. In an internal-combustion engine, the combination with the combustion-chamber of suitable speculum metallic sheets, plates or linings upon the interior surfaces thereof, and with suitable means for cooling said interior parts bycirculation of cooling fluid, substantially as .shown and described.

- 4. In an internal-combustion engine, the

upon the interior surfaces thereof not in frictional contact with the piston, and with suitable means for cooling said interior parts by circulation of cooling-fluid, substantially fas shown and described.

'ings upon the interior surfaces thereof, and

with suitable means for cooling said interior parts by circulation of cooling fluid, substantially as shown and described,

'6. In an internal-combustion engine, the

combination with the piston of suitable speculum metallic surfaces upon the face or faces thereof confining the hot working fluid of the engine, substantially as shown g 7. In an internal-combustion engine, the

combination with the piston of suitable.

for coolin said surfaces by circulation of cooling-flmd, substantially as shown and describe "In testimony whereof, I havesi ned this specification in presence oftwo su scribing witnesses.

LYMAN WOODWORTH.

A. L. WoonwoRrn, E. W. HORSMAN."

the hot working 

